ASTRO SPACE NEWS

A DIVISION OF MID NORTH COAST ASTRONOMY (NSW)

(ASTRO) DAVE RENEKE

SPACE WRITER - MEDIA PERSONALITY - SCIENCE CORRESPONDENT ABC/COMMERCIAL RADIO - LECTURER - ASTRONOMY OUTREACH PROGRAMS - ASTRONOMY TOUR GUIDE - TELESCOPE SALES/SERVICE/LESSONS - MID NORTH COAST ASTRONOMY GROUP (Est. 2002)   Enquiries: (02) 6585 2260       Mobile: 0400 636 363        Email: davereneke@gmail.com

Norfolk Island Stargazing Tour 2024  

A Magical Experience Under the Aussie Night Sky

Looking for the perfect holiday adventure that combines breathtaking views, clear skies, and the awe-inspiring beauty of the Australian night sky? Join my partner Peter Davies and me for our Norfolk Island Stargazing Tour 2025—our fifth year of offering an unforgettable, celestial experience on one of Australia's most stunning islands!

The 2024 Tour Was a Blast!

This year's tour was one of our best yet, and we're thrilled to share just how magical it was. We had an amazing group of stargazers, perfect weather, and the clearest skies you could imagine. The highlight? Two to three nights of stargazing through our two large telescopes, where we marveled at the stars, planets, and deep space wonders that make the Aussie night sky one of the most spectacular sights on Earth. We couldn't have asked for better conditions—and the views were out of this world! 🌌✨

We kicked off the tour with a Welcome Drinks event, where we got to know each other and set the stage for the week ahead. And what better way to wrap up the experience than with a Farewell Dinner, where we shared stories and celebrated the incredible stargazing moments we'd had.

Special Highlights of 2024:

• Solar Viewing Day: Our solar viewing was a hit! With sunspots on display, we had front-row seats to one of the most exciting sights in the sky. Our guests were fascinated as we observed the sun up close—it's not something you get to do every day!
• Trivia Night: Our stargazing trivia night was a ton of fun! A perfect mix of learning and laughter, it brought everyone together for some friendly competition and stargazing facts.
• Island Exploration: No trip to Norfolk Island is complete without taking in all its natural beauty. We were lucky enough to explore the island's top attractions, from its rich history to its lush landscapes.

What's Included in the Tour:

• 7-Day Car Hire: Get out and explore the island at your own pace!
• Free Island Tour: See all the best bits of Norfolk Island, from the historical sites to stunning lookout points.
• Welcome Drinks 'Meet & Greet': We'll make sure you're well-fed and well-connected too with our magic farewell Dinner!
• 2-3 Nights of Stargazing: Enjoy a personal, guided stargazing experience through our large telescopes. The Aussie night sky will take your breath away.
• Solar Viewing: A special inclusion. View the Sun and take a snapshot using the latest USA solar viewing filters 

Looking Ahead to 2025: The Ultimate Stargazing Adventure

If 2024 was anything to go by, our 2025 Stargazing Tour is going to be even bigger and more spectacular! We're planning a much larger 7-day experience that will go even deeper into the wonders of the southern hemisphere's skies. Expect new celestial insights, more exciting activities, and plenty of chances to explore the island like never before. It's going to be one epic, starry week you won't want to miss!

So, if you've ever dreamed of escaping the hustle and bustle of daily life and immersing yourself in nature's wonder—while gazing up at the stars—this is your chance. Whether you're a seasoned stargazer or a first-timer, our Norfolk Island Stargazing Tour 2025 promises a truly magical experience.

Take a look at some of the incredible photos from this year's tour below and imagine yourself under those stunning skies next year. Don't wait too long to book—our spots fill up fast! We can't wait to welcome you to Norfolk Island for an unforgettable adventure among the stars!  Book early our seats fill fast. Contact Dave 0400 636 363 OR Email: davereneke@gmail.com

'A FIRST' for AUSTRALIAN TOURISM!  

Cruise the Hastings River on the PORT Ad VENTURE under some of the darkest skies around! Binoculars supplied On Deck Stargazing and Dolphin Spotting plus MORE!!! HIGH interest being shown. Starts soon. All Enquiries to Elsa: 0434 393 199  OR Contact Dave 0400 636 363    Email: davereneke@gmail.com

'Tis the season and every year around this time people notice that brilliant 'star' to the West just after sunset. For astronomers, we know it's the appearance of the planet Venus, but for a lot of folks it conjures up thoughts of the Christmas Star.

The 'Star of Bethlehem' is one of the most powerful, and enigmatic symbols of Christianity. For centuries historians have debated the nature of this biblical light that heralded the birth of Jesus. The true nature of the Christmas Star remains uncertain but the mystery adds an element of wonder to the Nativity story.

Regardless of the scientific explanation, the story of the Christmas Star holds cultural and religious significance for many around the world. In biblical times, the heavens held profound significance in the Middle East, shaping the religious and cultural fabric of the region. The heavens were perceived as the dwelling place of God, and the skies were considered a divine canvas reflecting cosmic order and the will of a higher power.

The sun, moon, and stars were integral elements in religious narratives, symbolizing guidance, destiny, and celestial signs. The Middle Eastern people looked to the heavens for spiritual guidance, interpreting celestial events as divine messages. Was it purely a divine sign, or was it an astronomical event in its own right?

As an astronomer I became curious about the reality of this enigmatic 'star' and set out to try and find it. With today's astronomy software programs astronomers can reproduce the night sky exactly as it was, thousands of years ago. Wouldn't it be good if we could go back and have a look at the night sky of Christ's time to see if we could spot the Xmas Star?

Get ready for a surprise, because it looks like the 'Xmas Star' really did exist! Armed with an approximate date for the birth of Jesus from Matthew's version of the Bible I began a search for the star of Bethlehem. Why choose this one? It was the only book of the bible that had all players in the same general place at the same time!

Now, historical records indicate that there was a rare series of planetary 'pairings' during the years 3 B.C. and 2 B.C. As we watched the screen, the two brightest planets Venus and Jupiter started moving closer together. Wow! Like the final pieces of a jig-saw puzzle, our fabled biblical beacon started to reveal itself.

The crowning touch cameten months later, on 17 June 2BC, as Venus and Jupiter appeared to actually 'join up' in the constellation Leo! This time the two planets were so close that, without binoculars, they would have looked like one single brilliant white beacon of light!

Jupiter was known as the 'planet of Kings' and it all took place in the constellation of Leo, denoting royalty and power. The whole sequence of events could have been enough for the fabled three wise men to see this as sign in the heavens that the Messiah had been, or was about to be, born. Was this the fabled Christmas star? Want more stories like this? See Dave's website www.davidreneke.com.

Want to see it for yourself? OK, get up early, head outside and gaze to the West from sundown. If you've got clear skies you can't miss it! For all the latest discoveries in astronomy and space head over to my website www.davidreneke.com

 Quantum Entanglement: The Key to Instantaneous Communication and Beyond

Quantum mechanics, the study of how tiny particles behave, has always amazed and puzzled scientists. One of its strangest features is quantum entanglement, which Albert Einstein called "spooky action at a distance." This bizarre phenomenon happens when two or more particles become linked so that whatever happens to one instantly affects the other, no matter how far apart they are. It sounds like science fiction, but it's a real and proven part of nature. Some believe this "spooky action" could lead to groundbreaking technologies, from instant communication to teleportation or even faster ways to travel between stars.

To understand entanglement, we first need to know about superposition. In simple terms, this means that tiny particles like electrons or photons can exist in more than one state at the same time until we look at them. Entanglement occurs when particles interact in a way that their states become connected. Once linked, measuring the state of one particle instantly reveals the state of the other—even if they are separated by vast distances, such as being on opposite sides of the universe. This happens faster than the speed of light, which challenges the idea that nothing can travel faster than light.

One exciting possibility is using this phenomenon for instantaneous communication. Right now, even our fastest technologies—like fiber optics or satellites—are limited by the speed of light. This means there's always a delay when sending messages over long distances. For example, communicating with astronauts on Mars takes anywhere from 4 to 24 minutes each way, depending on how far apart Earth and Mars are at the time. These delays make real-time conversations or decision-making difficult in space missions.

Quantum entanglement could change all that. If we could use entangled particles to transmit information, communication would be instant, regardless of distance. Imagine an astronaut on Mars speaking with someone on Earth without any lag time. It could transform space exploration, making collaboration much smoother and more efficient.

Although the idea is thrilling, scientists still face major challenges in making it a reality. Quantum mechanics works in mysterious ways, and while entanglement has been proven in experiments, we don't yet fully understand how to control it for practical use. Still, the possibilities are incredible. If researchers figure it out, we might one day break free from the limits of time and space, changing the way we explore the universe forever.

Jupiter At Opposition - Big & Bright n The Aussie Night Skies

Jupiter comes into opposition roughly every 13 months. During this time, Earth is directly between the Sun and Jupiter, making the gas giant appear its biggest and brightest in the sky. Opposition allows for optimal viewing because:

• Closest Approach: Jupiter is closest to Earth during opposition, which brings it much closer than at any other time in its orbit. This proximity enhances its apparent size in the sky.
• Maximum Brightness: With the Sun, Earth, and Jupiter aligned, more sunlight is reflected off Jupiter's cloud tops, making it shine more brightly than usual.
• Opposition Effect: Not only is the planet closer and brighter, but it also rises at sunset, stays visible throughout the night, and sets at sunrise, allowing for extended observation.

Why Jupiter Appears Bigger

Jupiter's size (about 11 times the diameter of Earth) is already impressive, but because of opposition, its appearance can be up to 30% larger than at other times of the year. While it's still far away—about 365 million miles from Earth during opposition—it appears significantly larger through telescopes or even to the naked eye.

Other Factors at Play

• Jupiter's Atmosphere: The planet's gas-rich atmosphere, primarily made of hydrogen and helium, scatters sunlight, giving it a bright, almost golden hue. This contributes to its striking appearance in the night sky.
• Orbital Dynamics: Jupiter's orbit is elliptical, so its distance from Earth varies. During opposition, it reaches its closest point, known as perigee, but it's still far away compared to other celestial bodies.

If you're seeing Jupiter especially brightly and large this week, it's likely due to it being close to opposition or at a similar event! Keep an eye on the sky, especially in the evening or early morning hours.

AMAZING DISCOVERY - European Telescope Takes First Picture of Another Solar System

The European Southern Observatory (ESO) has achieved a historic milestone by capturing the first image of a multi-planet system around a star similar to our Sun. Using the Extremely Large Telescope in Chile, astronomers photographed the star TYC 8998-760-1, located about 300 light-years away in the constellation Musca. This young star is only 17 million years old, offering a glimpse into a solar system still in its early stages of development.

The Magic of Technology

The ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT) employed an advanced instrument called SPHERE, which uses a coronagraph to block out the star's bright light, allowing the detection of its fainter planets. In this image, two massive exoplanets are visible, one about 14 times the mass of Jupiter and the other six times that mass, both orbiting at much greater distances than our own gas giants.

A Major Discovery

This discovery not only showcases cutting-edge technology but also enhances our understanding of how planetary systems form and evolve. Lead researcher Alexander Bohn noted that studying these young planets could shed light on our own solar system's history.

The Potential for Life

One of the most exciting implications is the potential for discovering extraterrestrial life. Future observations may allow scientists to analyze the atmospheres of these planets for signs of life-supporting molecules. This groundbreaking achievement opens new avenues for exploring our universe and may ultimately help us answer the profound question of whether we are alone.In summary, this ESO discovery is a significant leap in astronomy, inspiring awe as we continue to explore distant worlds and seek out the mysteries of life beyond Earth.

Voyager 1 interstellar spacecraft finds its voice again as NASA restores communications

NASA's Voyager 1 Resumes Communication After Technical Glitch NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft, launched in 1977, has successfully reestablished communication after a brief period of silence. Now over 15.4 billion miles from Earth, Voyager 1 is the most distant human-made object in space, continuing to provide invaluable data about the cosmos.

The Communication Breakdown

In October 2024, Voyager 1 experienced a technical issue during an attempt to activate a heater for its scientific instruments. The primary radio transmitter turned off unexpectedly when the spacecraft's fault protection system detected that the energy required was too high, automatically switching to a weaker backup transmitter to conserve power. This meant that Voyager could only send limited data back to Earth, complicating efforts to assess its status.

Troubleshooting Efforts

After weeks of troubleshooting, NASA engineers worked diligently to diagnose the problem and restore full communication capabilities. On November 18, 2024, they successfully reactivated Voyager 1's primary radio transmitter, allowing it to send back data from its four remaining operational scientific instruments. These instruments are crucial for studying the interstellar environment beyond our solar system.

Continuing the Mission

Despite being nearly five decades old, Voyager 1 continues to deliver groundbreaking insights into space. Equipped with instruments that measure cosmic rays, magnetic fields, and plasma waves, it provides a unique perspective on how solar wind interacts with the interstellar medium—the matter between stars. Originally designed for a journey through Jupiter and Saturn, Voyager 1 entered interstellar space in 2012, becoming the first human-made object to do so. It has since sent back valuable data that helps scientists understand our solar system's boundary and what lies beyond.

The Future of Voyager 1

As Voyager 1 travels further into interstellar space, it faces challenges due to aging systems and a dwindling power supply from its radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs). Over time, these generators lose efficiency, limiting available power for scientific instruments and communications. NASA engineers are focused on ensuring that Voyager 1 can continue its mission as long as possible by managing power consumption effectively and prioritizing which instruments will be active at any given time.

Conclusion

The successful restoration of communication with Voyager 1 symbolizes humanity's enduring quest for knowledge about the universe. As we stand on the brink of new discoveries in space exploration, Voyager 1 serves as a testament to human ingenuity and curiosity. Each transmission from this remarkable spacecraft provides deeper insights into the mysteries of interstellar space and our place within it. NASA continues to monitor and communicate with Voyager 1, eagerly awaiting each new piece of data from this incredible mission.

Trump may cancel Nasa's powerful SLS Moon rocket – here's what that would mean for Musk and the future of space travel

Speculation is growing that Donald Trump may cancel NASA's Space Launch System (SLS), a key component of the Artemis program aimed at returning humans to the Moon for the first time since 1972. The SLS is designed to launch astronauts aboard the Orion spacecraft, which will then dock with Elon Musk's Starship for lunar landing.

James Webb Space Telescope Shatters Its Own Record, Spotting Earliest Galaxies

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has once again raised the bar for astronomy, uncovering some of the earliest galaxies ever observed, formed just 320 million years after the Big Bang. This groundbreaking discovery sheds light on the infancy of the universe, a time when the first cosmic structures began to emerge from a sea of darkness.

Using its cutting-edge infrared instruments, JWST captured faint, ancient light that has traveled over 13 billion years to reach us. These galaxies are astonishingly small by today's standards—some are just 100 million solar masses compared to the Milky Way's 1.5 trillion. Yet, they burned with intense brightness, likely powered by young, hot stars and rapid bursts of star formation. This early activity reveals how galaxies grew from primordial chaos into the sprawling structures we see today.

A particularly intriguing aspect of the discovery is how quickly these galaxies formed after the universe's "dark ages," when the cosmos was opaque and devoid of light. Their existence challenges theoretical models, suggesting that the universe's first stars ignited faster and more efficiently than previously thought. This raises new questions about the conditions in the early universe and the role of phenomena like dark matter and cosmic reionization.

JWST's success highlights its unparalleled ability to act as a time machine, peering into an era that was once beyond our reach. Beyond just pinpointing ancient galaxies, Webb provides unprecedented detail, allowing scientists to study their structure, composition, and the chemical fingerprints of the very first heavy elements.

This discovery isn't just about astronomy—it's about humanity's quest to understand where we come from. By revealing the universe's earliest chapters, JWST connects us to a time when the seeds of galaxies like our own were first sown. As the telescope continues its mission, the promise of new cosmic revelations ensures we're just beginning to scratch the surface of the universe's vast and mysterious story.

James Webb telescope confirms we have no idea why the universe is growing the way it is

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has thrown yet another wrench into our understanding of the universe's growth. Despite decades of refining cosmological models, recent data from Webb suggests that the universe's expansion and the formation of its earliest galaxies are more puzzling than ever.

China rover spots strange glass spheres on far side of the moon

China's Yutu-2 rover has spotted two strange glass spheres on the far side of the moon. Glistening like translucent pearls against the moon's dry and dusty landscape, the lunar "spherules"' are the first of their kind to be found on the lunar surface and formed fairly recently, researchers say. Glass has been spotted on the moon before; by both the Yutu-2 rover and NASA's Apollo 16 mission. It forms when silicon-rich minerals, such as pyroxene and feldspar, are rapidly superheated. 

The samples contained volcanic basalt fragments, rich in elements like titanium and iron, which suggest the Moon's interior retained enough heat or radioactive elements to sustain volcanic activity far longer than expected. This discovery hints at unique internal processes that defy comparisons to Earth or other rocky planets.

Even more intriguing, the composition of the samples shows a scarcity of water, which raises new questions about what fueled such prolonged volcanic activity. The data also suggest that the Moon's far side may have a more complex geological history than the near side, where earlier samples were collected during Apollo missions.

These findings not only provide fresh insights into lunar evolution but also offer clues about the thermal and volcanic history of other celestial bodies, helping scientists refine models of planetary development across the solar system.

How American entrepreneurs can help win the space race against China

The battle for global dominance is shifting to space, where control over the frontier will determine tomorrow's superpowers. This urgent national security threat has gone unnoticed by many Americans, yet China is rapidly advancing, threatening to outpace the U.S. in space power within decades.

China's achievements, including a successful lunar south pole landing and dominance in satellite capabilities, highlight its strategic focus. Over a decade, its satellite fleet has grown tenfold, and it is developing systems resembling SpaceX's Starlink. Meanwhile, China's proven ability to replicate key U.S. technologies raises alarms about its intentions in space.

Economic dominance has always driven military power, and space is no exception. The nation that leads in the space economy will likely dominate militarily, setting global norms and earning soft power. A permanent moon base, which China is actively pursuing, could become a defining symbol of global leadership.

The U.S. cannot beat China by copying its centralized methods; China's system allows for unmatched speed and efficiency. Instead, America's strength lies in its entrepreneurial spirit and freedom-driven innovation. Public-private partnerships, like those between NASA and SpaceX, have already proven to cut costs and accelerate technological breakthroughs.

To stay ahead, the U.S. must double down on these partnerships, leveraging private sector ingenuity to outpace China. The stakes couldn't be higher—space leadership will shape the future of global power. Time is critical, and only by embracing its unique strengths can America secure its place in the new space race.

Scientists announce historic plan to power homes with outer-space solar panels: 'Unparalleled benefits'

.In a bold and visionary move, scientists have announced plans to power homes on Earth using solar panels stationed in space—an innovation that could forever change how we generate and consume energy. These solar panels would be launched into orbit, where they could capture the sun's energy 24 hours a day, unaffected by weather, time of day, or atmospheric interference. The collected energy would then be beamed back to Earth, using advanced microwave or laser technology, to power homes, businesses, and entire communities.

This historic plan promises "unparalleled benefits." Most notably, it could dramatically reduce carbon emissions and provide a consistent, renewable energy source. For the first time, energy could be harnessed without the limitations of Earth-bound solar panels, which are impacted by nighttime or cloudy weather. With energy transmission unaffected by geography or weather, this could also help deliver power to remote or underserved regions where traditional energy infrastructure is impractical.

Experts believe this technology could also drive down energy costs over time, as the reliance on finite fossil fuels would decrease, and the infrastructure required to capture and transmit space-based energy improves. While still in its early stages, this space-based solar energy project is seen as a crucial step in combating climate change and fulfilling the world's growing energy demands.

Though launching solar arrays into space and transmitting energy back to Earth presents significant technological challenges, advances in space exploration and energy science are progressing rapidly. Should the plan succeed, it could not only usher in a new era of clean, abundant energy but also pave the way for a new industry focused on space infrastructure. With long-term benefits in sight, this could soon become one of the most transformative developments in energy history.

In January and February 2025, six planets will align in the evening sky, visible from Australia: Mars, Jupiter, Uranus, Venus, Neptune, and Saturn. The best time to view the planets will be after January 21, 2025, and before February 21, 2025. The week of January 29, during the new moon, will be the best time to view the planets. The new moon will reduce light pollution, making it easier to spot Neptune, Uranus, and Saturn. The planets will be visible shortly after sunset, and you'll only have a couple of hours to view them before they dip below the horizon. The planets won't be perfectly aligned in a straight line, but their positioning will create the illusion of a cosmic dance. Mercury will join the parade at the end of February, replacing Saturn 

 Australia's vast skies provide an ideal vantage point. The alignment, expected to feature Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus, will offer an incredible opportunity for stargazers, astronomers, and anyone fascinated by the night sky to witness a celestial dance that has not been seen in such a configuration for many years.

What Is a Planetary Alignment?

A planetary alignment occurs when planets in our solar system appear to line up in the same part of the sky. While the planets in our solar system orbit the Sun at different speeds and distances, their orbits often bring them into a visually aligned configuration when viewed from Earth. The January 2025 alignment will see the planets closely aligned along a segment of the ecliptic — the apparent path of the Sun across the sky. This alignment is not a true, perfect line-up in space but is a visual phenomenon based on the relative positions of the planets from Earth's perspective.

The Planets Involved

• Mercury: The closest planet to the Sun, Mercury will be visible to the naked eye during this alignment. As it is always close to the Sun, its visibility can be challenging, but in January 2025, it will be positioned in a favorable location for observers in Australia.

• Venus: Known as the "Evening Star" or "Morning Star," Venus is often the brightest object in the night sky. In January 2025, it will be easily visible, shining brightly in the evening or pre-dawn sky.

• Mars: The Red Planet is a popular target for stargazers, and it will be part of the alignment, adding its distinctive reddish hue to the visual spectacle.

• Jupiter: The largest planet in our solar system, Jupiter is often visible with the naked eye. Its moons, observable through binoculars or small telescopes, add to the interest for amateur astronomers.

• Saturn: Known for its spectacular rings, Saturn will be another major highlight of this alignment. Even with the naked eye, its brightness and position in the sky will make it easily identifiable.

• Uranus: The distant ice giant, Uranus, will be the hardest to spot in the alignment due to its faintness. However, with a telescope, skywatchers in Australia can still enjoy the opportunity to observe this distant planet.

Viewing the Alignment from Australia

Australia, with its clear skies and wide-open spaces, is one of the best places to witness the six-planet alignment. The alignment will occur during the Southern Hemisphere's summer, when the nights are relatively warm and long, making it easier for observers to stay out and enjoy the spectacle.

The alignment will be visible to the naked eye, especially if you are in a dark location away from city lights. In major cities like Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, light pollution might make some of the planets harder to see, but heading out to rural areas or observing from high altitudes, such as from the Blue Mountains or the Outback, will provide optimal conditions.

Best Times for Viewing

The planets will not be in perfect alignment for a brief moment but will appear in their configuration over several days. The event is expected to occur throughout January 2025, but the best days for viewing will likely be around the middle of the month, when the planets will be positioned most favorably.

Since the planets will be spread across the sky from east to west, observers in Australia should look in the direction of the horizon to catch the best view. The alignment will be visible throughout the night, with some planets, like Venus and Jupiter, visible in the evening, while others, such as Mercury, will be best seen just before dawn.

In general, the early hours of the morning, around 4:00–5:00 AM local time, will offer the clearest views of Mercury and Venus in the east, while Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn will be visible in the western sky after sunset.

Why Is This Event Special?

The six-planet alignment in January 2025 will be a spectacular and rare event for several reasons:

1. Visibility: This alignment will be visible to the naked eye, meaning that both casual skywatchers and experienced astronomers can enjoy it. The visibility of all six planets in the same segment of the sky makes it more accessible and engaging for everyone.

2. Rarity: Planetary alignments are not everyday occurrences. While they happen from time to time, a six-planet alignment is particularly rare. In fact, such a configuration of six planets has not occurred since the 19th century. The event in January 2025 is therefore an exciting opportunity to witness something special.

3. Cultural and Scientific Significance: For many cultures, planetary alignments have been historically significant, often seen as omens or signs from the cosmos. While modern science does not assign such meanings to celestial events, astronomers will be excited to study the alignment and its implications for our understanding of planetary movements.

4. Educational Value: The event provides an excellent opportunity for educational outreach. Schools, universities, and planetariums across Australia will likely host events to allow the public to observe the alignment, learn about the planets involved, and understand the dynamics of our solar system.

Preparing for the Event

To fully appreciate this event, there are a few things you can do to ensure the best experience:

• Find a Dark Location: Light pollution can obscure your view of the planets. Finding a location away from city lights will offer the clearest view. National parks and rural areas in Australia are perfect for this.

• Use a Telescope: While the planets will be visible to the naked eye, a small telescope will enhance the experience, allowing you to see more detail on planets like Jupiter and Saturn.

• Check Local Times: Planetary positions change throughout the month, so it's important to check local astronomy guides or apps to know the best times to look.

Conclusion

The six-planet alignment in January 2025 is an extraordinary celestial event that will captivate skywatchers in Australia and around the world. For Australians, the clear summer skies and the long, warm nights offer the perfect opportunity to witness this rare occurrence. Whether you're a seasoned astronomer or a casual observer, this alignment will be a spectacle to remember, reminding us of the beauty and wonder of the universe.

Pope's Astronomer Would Baptize Aliens—If They Ask!

In a delightful twist on religion, science, and, well, outer space, Guy Consolmagno, the Vatican's official astronomer, recently said he would be totally up for baptizing aliens—if they asked. Yes, you read that right. The Jesuit priest, who's also a planetary scientist, has no problem with the idea that any extraterrestrial life forms—tentacles, antennae, or whatever they might have—could have souls. And if one of them showed up at the Vatican doors asking for a little holy water, he'd be happy to oblige.

Consolmagno's comments are raising some eyebrows, but they aren't totally out of left field. The Vatican, believe it or not, has a long history of being pretty open to the idea of alien life. This isn't just some wild, one-off statement. It's part of a bigger picture, one that includes the Vatican's past astronomers and thinkers, like the late Father José Gabriel Funes. Funes, who used to run the Vatican Observatory, famously said that the existence of aliens doesn't conflict with Christian beliefs. In fact, he thought it was totally possible that there are other creatures—intelligent ones, even—out there somewhere, created by God.

So, what's behind this whole idea? Well, the Church believes that God's creation is far bigger and more mysterious than we could ever imagine. Just because humans live on Earth doesn't mean we're the only ones in the universe with souls, or the only ones that God might want to have a relationship with. If aliens exist, why shouldn't they, too, be part of God's grand design? And if they're sentient, maybe they're just waiting for their own spiritual awakening.

Now, don't get too excited just yet. Consolmagno is also very realistic about the odds of meeting any aliens. In fact, he's pretty sure the chances of us actually making contact with extraterrestrials are slim to none. After all, space is big—really big—and we're still just scratching the surface of the universe. But that doesn't stop him from thinking it would be an exciting discovery if it ever happened. And if it did? Well, he'd be more than happy to extend the hand of baptism. I mean, what's the worst that could happen? Some alien in a space suit gets dunked in holy water, and everyone lives happily ever after. Easy, right?

Of course, Consolmagno isn't the only one at the Vatican who's pondering the possibility of extraterrestrial life. The Church has actually been a huge supporter of scientific research for centuries. The Vatican Observatory, established in 1582, has been a hub for astronomical research, and its scientists have never been afraid to challenge the idea that faith and science can't work together. In fact, the Church has historically embraced the idea that science is just one more way to explore the mysteries of God's creation.

So, if aliens do exist, they could have some pretty interesting things to learn from us—and we might have a lot to learn from them, too. If they come to Earth, it might not just be about UFOs and strange ships—it could be an entirely new chapter in the story of humanity and faith. Who knows? Maybe we'll sit down with an alien over a cup of tea and talk about the meaning of life, the universe, and everything.

It's a lot to think about, but Consolmagno's point is clear: if aliens want to find spiritual meaning, they're welcome. Whether they come in peace or with lasers ready to fire, the Vatican would be ready to offer them a place in God's kingdom—tentacles and all. It's a fascinating idea that opens up questions we've never really thought about. What if we're not alone in the universe, and what if there are other beings out there trying to figure out the same things we are?

For now, though, Earth's residents are still focused on their search for aliens. And who knows? If we ever do make contact, maybe we'll invite them to church—and Consolmagno will be there with the holy water, ready to perform the universe's first alien baptism. After all, if they ask, who's going to say no?

An invisible force is propelling the cosmos ever faster apart, but what is it?

Imagine you're sitting in your favorite chair, enjoying a cup of hot chocolate on a cold winter day. Everything is calm, peaceful, and still. But suddenly, the chair you're sitting on begins to shift—slowly at first, then faster and faster! Before you know it, you're zipping around the room at breakneck speed, not because you did anything, but because something invisible is pushing you! It's a little strange, right?

James Webb Space Telescope Sees Most Distant Galaxies Ever—Pushing the Limits of Space Exploration

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has made a groundbreaking achievement by capturing images of the most distant galaxies ever observed. This incredible milestone is a testament to the telescope's advanced technology and its ability to look further back in time than ever before. By pushing its capabilities to their limits, the JWST has allowed scientists to peer into the universe's early history, unveiling galaxies that formed just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang.

What makes this discovery so remarkable is the sheer distance these galaxies are from Earth—over 13 billion light-years away. Light from these distant galaxies took billions of years to reach us, which means the images captured by the JWST show us what these galaxies looked like when the universe was just beginning to form. This is a crucial window into the past, offering a glimpse into the very early stages of galaxy formation and helping scientists better understand the evolution of the universe.

The JWST's design is key to its success. Its large, 21-foot mirror is able to collect more light than any previous space telescope, allowing it to see objects that are incredibly far away and faint. In addition, JWST is equipped with specialized instruments that can detect infrared light—wavelengths of light that are invisible to the human eye but can reveal important details about distant objects. This is particularly important when studying the farthest galaxies, as the light from these galaxies has been stretched out (redshifted) by the expanding universe, shifting it into the infrared range.

By capturing this infrared light, the JWST provides detailed images of galaxies that formed only a few hundred million years after the Big Bang, a time when the universe was still in its infancy. These discoveries could provide answers to some of the biggest questions in cosmology, such as how the first galaxies, stars, and black holes formed, and what conditions were necessary for life to emerge.

As the JWST continues its mission, it will continue to explore even more distant regions of space. Every new discovery helps scientists piece together the puzzle of our universe's history and its future. With its powerful tools and ability to peer back in time, the James Webb Space Telescope is transforming our understanding of the cosmos and unlocking the mysteries of space.

The Future of NASA's Artemis Rocket in Jeopardy?

The Artemis program, NASA's ambitious mission to return humans to the Moon and eventually establish a sustainable presence there, has long relied on the Space Launch System (SLS) as its workhorse rocket. However, the recent launch of SpaceX's Starship has raised questions about whether SLS, a single-use and costly system, can compete in a rapidly evolving spaceflight industry.

SpaceX's Starship, which promises full reusability and the ability to carry massive payloads at a fraction of SLS's cost, is seen as a game-changer for deep space missions. A single SLS launch costs an estimated $4 billion, while Starship's reusable design could reduce costs to under $10 million per flight. These numbers have fueled debates about whether NASA should continue investing in SLS or pivot toward partnerships with private companies like SpaceX.

Proponents of the SLS argue that its reliability, proven track record with Artemis I, and compatibility with NASA's infrastructure make it indispensable for Artemis's goals. They highlight that SLS is already built and tested, unlike Starship, which is still in development and faces hurdles, including a successful orbital flight. Critics counter that Starship's rapid advancements, scale, and affordability could overshadow the SLS, rendering it obsolete within a few years.

The stakes are high. If Starship proves its capability in upcoming tests, it could redefine NASA's approach to human space exploration, potentially leading to a hybrid model where government and private spaceflight work more closely. On the other hand, abandoning SLS could mean wasted years of investment and political pushback, as the rocket supports thousands of jobs in key states.

For now, NASA remains committed to SLS for the next phases of Artemis, but the question looms: can the agency afford to stick with its traditional approach in the face of revolutionary private-sector innovation? The outcome will shape not just the Artemis program but the future of human space exploration itself.

China planning to build its own version of SpaceX's Starship

SpaceX continues to inspire Chinese aerospace engineers, with at least one Chinese company working on a rocket similar to SpaceX's Falcon 9, which has launched over 100 missions this year. Recently, at the 15th China Air Show in Zhuhai, engineers unveiled the latest design for China's next-generation heavy lifter, the Long March 9. This two-stage rocket, designed for missions such as sending astronauts to the Moon, will be available in at least three versions, one of which is fully reusable, similar to SpaceX's Starship.

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'ASTRO DAVE' RENEKE - A Personal Perspective

I've often been asked what I do, where I've been and what sort of activities I've engaged in throughout my 50 years involvement in astronomy and space. Here is an interview i did with Delving with Des Kennedy on Rhema 99.9 recently. 

David Reneke, a highly regarded Australian amateur astronomer and lecturer with over 50 years of experience, has established himself as a prominent figure in the field of astronomy. With affiliations to leading global astronomical institutions, David serves as the Editor for Australia's Astro-Space News Magazine and has previously held key editorial roles with Sky & Space Magazine and Australasian Science magazine.

His extensive background includes teaching astronomy at the college level, being a featured speaker at astronomy conventions across Australia, and contributing as a science correspondent for both ABC and commercial radio stations. David's weekly radio interviews, reaching around 3 million listeners, cover the latest developments in astronomy and space exploration.

As a media personality, David's presence extends to regional, national, and international TV, with appearances on prominent platforms such as Good Morning America, American MSNBC news, the BBC, and Sky News in Australia. His own radio program has earned him major Australasian awards for outstanding service.

David is recognized for his engaging and unique style of presenting astronomy and space discovery, having entertained and educated large audiences throughout Australia. In addition to his presentations, he produces educational materials for beginners and runs a popular radio program in Hastings, NSW, with a substantial following and multiple awards for his radio presentations.

In 2004, David initiated the 'Astronomy Outreach' program, touring primary and secondary schools in NSW to provide an interactive astronomy and space education experience. Sponsored by Tasco Australia, Austar, and Discovery Science channel, the program donated telescopes and grants to schools during a special tour in 2009, contributing to the promotion of astronomy education in Australia. BELOW Is the recorded interview  

INTRODUCING OUR NEW PARTNER & ASTRO SUPPLIER

Many thanks to Peter and the crew at ASTRO ANARCHY Queensland. A New business with the amateur astronomer firmly in mind.  Astro Anarchy has the experience, the stock and the knowledge to set up the first timer, to assist in the development of our hobby for the experienced observer OR cater to any other size need or desire in the field of amateur astronomy. 

ATRO ANARCHY AS OUR SPONSOR: My business partner Peter Davies and I have set up a new Astro Tourism business focusing on the recently 'Dark Sky Town' accredited to Norfolk Island. We call it 'Norfolk Island STARGAZING'. When approached, Pete from Astro Anarchy had no hesitation in organizing and supplying all our Telescopes, Binoculars and associated gear to get started. Nothing was any trouble allowing us more than enough time to set up and become fully operational. He and he and his business come highly recommended for anyone wanting any astronomical gear in Australia.

Web: https://www.astroanarchy.com.au/    Sales: sales@astroanarchy.com.au   Phone: 0412 085 224

'Astro Dave' Is Radio-Active 

Heard On DOZENS Of Stations Weekly - CLICK for past interviews